AUSTRALIA
-Demographics:
Australia has an average population density of 3.4 people per square kilometer of total land area, making it one of the least populated countries in the world. 25.5 million people live in Australia.
Most of the more than 25 million Australians live concentrated in major cities.
The Australian population has quadrupled since the First World War due to an immigration program. In 2016, the top five groups making up 26% of foreign-born Australians were from the UK, New Zealand, China, India and the Philippines.
For many years Australia only allowed whites to colonize the country. In 1972 this policy was changed and since then immigrants have come from all over the world.
-Health:
Australia's life expectancy is the fourth highest in the world for males and the third highest for females. Life expectancy in Australia in 2014–2016 was 80.4 years for males and 84.6 years for females. Australia has the highest rates of skin cancer in the world, while cigarette smoking is the largest preventable cause of death and disease, responsible for 7.8% of the total mortality and disease. 63% of its adult population is either overweight or obese. Australia introduced universal health care in 1975. During the COVID-19 pandemic Australia had one of the most restrictive quarantine policies, resulting in one of the lowest death rates.
-Education:
School attendance, or registration for home schooling is compulsory throughout Australia. Education is the responsibility of the individual states and territories so the rules vary between states, but in general children are required to attend school from the age of about 5 until about 16. In some states children aged 16–17 are required to either attend school or participate in vocational training, such as an apprenticeship.
NEW ZEALAND
-Demographics:
New Zealand has 4,699,755 people. New Zealand's population today is concentrated to the north of the country, with around 76.6% of the population living in the North Island and 23.3% in the South Island. It is a predominantly urban country, with 83.9% of the population living in urban areas and 51.0% of the population living in the seven cities with populations exceeding 100,000. Auckland, with over 1.4 million residents, is by far the largest city. During the 20th century, New Zealand's population drifted north. In 1921, the country's median centre of population was located in the Tasman Sea west of Levin
-Health:
New Zealand is ranked 20th in the World Health Care Innovation Index. The median age of the New Zealand population at the 2018 census was 37.4 years, with a life expectancy of New Zealand is 80 years. It is one of the countries with the best quality of life in the world. In New Zealand 34 thousand people die every year. The mortality rate in 2019 in New Zealand has increased compared to 2018. In 2016 the leading cause of death was cancer at 30.3%, followed by ischaemic heart disease 14.9% and cerebrovascular disease 7.4%.
-Education:
Primary and secondary education is compulsory for children aged 6 to 16 there are 13 school years and school attendance is free for New Zealand citizens. New Zealand has an adult literacy rate of 99%, and over half of the population aged 15 to 29 hold a tertiary qualification.
